Central & North American Birds

Birds in this portfolio are identified and named with reference to the following excellent books and apps:

The Sibley eGuide to Birds app

The Audubon Bird Guide App

Costa Rica Birds - Field Guide app

Guide to the Birds of Alaska, 4th edition (1995, updated 2000, 7th printing 2006)
Robert H. Armstrong
Alaska Northwest Books

Birds of Alaska, Field Guide (2005)
Stan Tekiela
Adventure Publications

Birds of Costa Rica (2007) 1st edition
Richard Garrigues & Robert Dean
Helm Field Guides

The Birds of Costa Rica (2014) 2nd edition
Richard Garrigues & Robert Dean
Zona Tropical
(The 2nd edition is valuable as several bird species have been renamed or reclassified. For example, the national bird of Costa Rica is now the Clay-coloured Thrush having previously been named as the Clay-coloured Robin. Mangrove Black-Hawk is included under Common Black-Hawk.)

A Field Guide to the Birds of Hawaii and the Tropical Pacific (fourth printing: 1989)
H. Douglas Pratt, Phillip L. Bruner & Delwyn G. Berrett
Princeton University Press
(This guide is out of date in some respects. Encouragingly some birds have since increased their range. For example, the Hawaiian Goose which is classified as Vulnerable is noted in the guide as only being present on Hawaii and Mauai but is now breeding on Kauai, especially around Kilauea Point. The guide lists extinct birds such as some Hawaiian native species including the Kioea and the Hawaii and Oahu Oos).

The Birds of Panama, A Field Guide (2010)
George R. Angehr & Robert Dean
Zona Tropical

Hummingbirds: A Life-size Guide to Every Species (2014)
Michael Fogden, Marianne Taylor & Sheri L. Williamson
Ivy Press